UK VAT amount and registration check
VAT Calculator
Add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a VAT-inclusive total at the standard, reduced, zero or a custom rate.
You can also compare taxable turnover with the rolling twelve-month and next-thirty-day VAT registration tests. The turnover check is separate from the amount calculation.
VAT amount estimate
Add or remove VAT from an amount
Choose whether the amount excludes or includes VAT. For an inclusive amount, VAT is extracted using the VAT fraction rather than multiplying the gross total by the rate.
- Net amount
- £100.00
- VAT amount
- £20.00
- Gross amount
- £120.00
- VAT fraction for inclusive price
- 1/6
- Rolling 12-month turnover
- £0.00
- Registration threshold
- £90,000.00
Enter taxable turnover if you want a basic registration check.
This does not decide whether a supply is taxable, exempt, outside the scope, reverse charged or subject to a special scheme.
Direct answer
How do you calculate VAT?
To add 20% VAT to £100, multiply £100 by 20% to find £20 VAT, giving a gross total of £120. To remove 20% VAT from £120, divide £120 by 1.20 to find the £100 net amount; the difference is £20 VAT.
Multiplying a VAT-inclusive total by 20% overstates VAT. At the standard rate, VAT is one-sixth of the gross amount.
Check how much VAT to charge on GOV.UK →Calculation method
VAT formulas and registration tests
The price calculation and registration check answer different questions and should not be confused.
VAT-exclusive amount
VAT equals the net amount multiplied by the rate. Gross equals net plus VAT.
VAT-inclusive amount
Net equals gross divided by one plus the VAT rate. VAT is gross less net.
Historic turnover test
Registration is normally required when taxable turnover for any rolling twelve-month period exceeds the threshold.
Future turnover test
A separate test applies if taxable turnover is expected to exceed the threshold in the next thirty days alone.
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard rate | 20% |
| Reduced rate | 5% |
| Zero rate | 0% |
| Registration threshold | £90,000 |
| Deregistration threshold | £88,000 |
Official sources: VAT rates and VAT registration tests and thresholds.
Before using the result
The correct VAT treatment starts with the supply
A mathematically correct amount can still be the wrong VAT answer if the rate, place of supply, tax point or customer status is wrong. Construction, land, international services and partial exemption often need closer review.
Included here
- VAT-exclusive prices;
- VAT-inclusive prices;
- standard, reduced and zero rates;
- a custom percentage;
- basic registration tests.
Check separately
- exempt and outside-scope supplies;
- reverse charge rules;
- flat-rate and margin schemes;
- partial exemption;
- overseas businesses and supplies.
Common questions
VAT calculator questions
Is zero-rated the same as VAT exempt?
No. A zero-rated supply is taxable at 0%, while an exempt supply is not taxable. The distinction can affect registration and recovery of input VAT.
Does all business income count towards the VAT threshold?
The test uses VAT-taxable turnover, including zero-rated supplies. Exempt and outside-scope income is generally treated differently.
When is the rolling twelve-month test checked?
It is checked at the end of every month, looking back over the previous twelve months, rather than only at the accounting year end.
Can a business register below the threshold?
Yes, voluntary registration can be possible, but the cash-flow, pricing, customer and record-keeping effects should be considered first.
Confidential enquiry
Need the VAT treatment checked?
Tell us what was supplied, where the customer belongs and whether the price included VAT. Do not send bank details or authentication codes.